Abstract

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder characterized by abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells, leading to multisystem involvement, particularly affecting bones, skin, and the central nervous system. While its presentation can be highly variable, diagnosis can be challenging due to its similarity to other conditions such as malignant tumors. Here, we report the case of an 11-month-old female patient with a progressive retro auricular mass, osteolytic bone lesions, and temporal bone involvement. Following biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis, the patient was diagnosed with multisystem LCH. The patient responded well to chemotherapy, showing disease stabilization. This case emphasizes the importance of considering LCH in the differential diagnosis of osteolytic lesions in pediatric patients and highlights the role of early biopsy and imaging in achieving an accurate diagnosis

Keywords

langerhans cell histiocytosis, retroauricular mass, pediatric, multisystem disease, osteolytic lesions