Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) hyperglycemia may lead to hyperplasia and micro vascular dysfunction and delays wound healing process by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accompanied by low levels of inflammatory cytokines and an increase in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Consequently, prolonged healing process with the worst complication diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) as when it fails to heal fating limb amputation. Apitherapeutic (honey and propolis) wound dressing achieved successful accelerated healing with infection control by the action of their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The present review dealt with their activity with DFUs as study of: in vitro antimicrobial activity against DFUs isolated pathogens, in vitro their activity towards immune cellular wound healing elements and in vivo their application for induced DFUs animal models as well as their topical application for DFUs patients either natural or nanoformulated scaffold dressings. Available literatures proved the synergistic wound healing activity of different mixed apitherapeutic products together and recommended to be used in mixed formula either naturally or nanoformulation.

Keywords

apiterapy, honey, propolis, diabetic wound ulcers, nano apitherapeutic wound healing