Abstract

The kindling phenomenon, often overlooked in clinical settings, emerges during the withdrawal phase from various substances, including sedative-hypnotic drugs (such as benzodiazepines and alcohol), psychiatric medications, and opioids. The progressive worsening of withdrawal symptoms with each successive episode characterizes this phenomenon. Consequently, its implications extend far beyond immediate clinical manifestations.

Keywords

kindling, psychiatric drugs withdrawal, ethics of medication withdrawals, peer specialists and kindling