Abstract

Social institutions play a significant role in shaping individual behaviour and societal norms by providing frameworks for socialization, ethical standards, and governance. This literature review aims to synthesize key findings from various scholarly sources to clarify the definition, theoretical frameworks, and major social institutions which include family, religion, education, economy, and government. Social institutions are defined as enduring patterns of social organization that fulfil essential functions within society. They influence norms and values that guide individual behaviour and interactions, contributing to social cohesion and order. Theoretical perspectives, such as functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism, provide insights into how these institutions operate and evolve. Each institution has a specific role: the family serves as the primary unit of socialization; religious institutions provide moral frameworks; educational systems transmit knowledge and values; economic structures organize production and distribution; and government enforces laws and norms. The interconnected nature of these institutions means that changes in one can significantly impact others, underscoring their collective importance in maintaining social stability and addressing societal challenges.

Keywords

social institutions, socialization, norms, values, family, religion, education, economy, government, theoretical frameworks